Hoskinson: Cardano Complete Only After Leios, as Musashi Dojo Testnet Hits 26.8 TxkB/s
Key Takeaways
- •Charles Hoskinson has stated that Cardano will only be considered complete once the Leios upgrade is implemented.
- •Input Output reported on Oct. 17, 2026 that the Musashi Dojo testnet has recorded a throughput of 26.8 TxkB/s.
- •The Musashi Dojo testnet, launched on June 23, 2026, has moved into the Fire stage, the third of five trial phases named Earth, Water, Fire, Wind and Void, echoing Miyamoto Musashi's The Book of Five Rings.
- •Ouroboros Leios is a long-running Input Output research program designed to substantially increase Cardano's transaction throughput while maintaining the decentralization of its proof-of-stake network.
- •The Wind and Void phases remain in the trial sequence, giving observers a clear marker for Input Output's future updates on the testnet's progress toward its throughput goals.
Cardano founder Charles Hoskinson has said the network will only be complete once the Leios upgrade is in place, with the associated Musashi Dojo testnet reporting a throughput of 26.8 TxkB/s.
In an update issued at 14:49 UTC on Oct. 17, 2026, Input Output said the Musashi Dojo testnet, launched June 23, 2026, has moved into the Fire stage of a five-phase trial series running Earth, Water, Fire, Wind and Void. The Fire stage is the third phase in the sequence.
Leios, formally known as Ouroboros Leios, is Input Output's long-running research program to substantially increase Cardano's transaction throughput while preserving the decentralization of its proof-of-stake network. Hoskinson has framed it as the final major component of Cardano's development. Throughput is a core scaling benchmark for any blockchain: the more transaction data a network can process per second, the more payment and application activity it can absorb. The stated aim of raising it while keeping the network decentralized reflects the balance blockchain developers broadly pursue between scale and a system run by many participants rather than a few.
Hoskinson co-founded Ethereum before launching Cardano, which went live in 2017 with its native ADA token and the Ouroboros consensus protocol. Input Output, the development company he co-founded, leads Cardano's core development.
The trial series' five phases are named Earth, Water, Fire, Wind and Void, echoing the five scrolls of Miyamoto Musashi's The Book of Five Rings — a naming convention consistent with the testnet's Musashi Dojo title. TxkB/s measures transaction data processed per second, a gauge of how much transaction volume the testnet can sustain. With the Fire stage now underway, the Wind and Void phases remain in the trial sequence, giving observers a clear marker for Input Output's subsequent updates on the testnet's progress toward its throughput goals.
This article was first published on COINOTAG: https://en.coinotag.com/hoskinson-cardano-complete-only-after-leios-testnet-26-8-txkbs
