匈牙利总理 Peter Magyar 表示，在帕克什核电站一台涡轮机重新接入后，匈牙利预计其唯一的核电站最早将于周一晚恢复发电。

帕克什核电站配备4台苏联设计的 VVER 反应堆，通常提供匈牙利约一半的电力，因此此次停机对该国电网韧性构成了重要考验。

这一消息标志着局势出现转折。此前，匈牙利和罗马尼亚因今夏热浪和降雨不足而遭遇数周电力供应中断，多瑙河水位跌至近90年来最低。两国被迫削减各自核电站的发电量，这些电站依赖多瑙河水为反应堆冷却。此类中断也与欧洲其他依赖河水冷却的电站受到的类似限制相呼应——包括法国罗讷河和加龙河沿岸电站——近年来极端高温和干旱多次迫使运营商减产或申请监管豁免。

匈牙利于8月2日关闭帕克什核电站，这是该设施44年历史上的首次停机，原因是多瑙河水位持续下降，Magyar 表示。

随着降雨重新出现在多瑙河奥地利流域，河流水位在上周末开始回升。周四，Magyar 表示："We are already nine centimeters above the Danube's Sunday low point, and rain is expected in the Austrian catchment areas."

尽管水位回升带来利好，但在欧洲持续热浪之下，匈牙利上周仍重申“强烈需要自愿减少用电”。

周一，Maguar confirmed："The Danube's water level was 19 centimeters above the low point from one week ago this morning. The reconnection process of a Paks turbine has begun. From evening, the No. 3 turbine of the second unit will also generate power."

Reuters reported 对该涡轮机重新接入进程进行了报道，而此前的报道指出，Magyar 曾警告称，低水位可能让帕克什核电站关闭数周。

同样依赖多瑙河上的核电站运行的罗马尼亚则采取了更激烈的措施。根据 AP News，罗马尼亚当局炸毁了一处岩层，并沉放装满石块的驳船，以改变多瑙河水流，确保切尔纳沃达核电站反应堆有足够的冷却用水；该电站是罗马尼亚唯一的核电站，约提供该国五分之一的电力。Bloomberg reported 该行动取得成功——切尔纳沃达水位上升，使该厂第二台核反应堆得以至少再运行9天。

By Tsvetana Paraskova for Oilprice.com

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